stoichiometry
"Limiting reagents" is a fancy way of saying something is the limiting factor in a situation or it is the "thing" used up first.
For example: ever played musical chairs? Well, the rules of the game are: you start out with a chair per person. As the game goes on, chairs get taken away. As chairs get taken away, people get eliminated. Say you are playing with 10 people and a few minutes into the game there are only 6 chairs - the limiting reagent in this situation would be the number of chairs. Why? Because although there are 10 people, not all 10 have a seat; only 6 people have a seat.
Another Example: If you have a pizza that makes 8 slices, but you have 12 people to feed, the limiting reagent would be the number of slices. Why? Because only 8 people will have a slice of pizza while 4 people will be left without a slice.
For example: ever played musical chairs? Well, the rules of the game are: you start out with a chair per person. As the game goes on, chairs get taken away. As chairs get taken away, people get eliminated. Say you are playing with 10 people and a few minutes into the game there are only 6 chairs - the limiting reagent in this situation would be the number of chairs. Why? Because although there are 10 people, not all 10 have a seat; only 6 people have a seat.
Another Example: If you have a pizza that makes 8 slices, but you have 12 people to feed, the limiting reagent would be the number of slices. Why? Because only 8 people will have a slice of pizza while 4 people will be left without a slice.
"Using Limiting Reagents" is a way to not only figure out what the limiting factor in a situation is, but also how many of the "reactants" or things you're dealing with will be produced. It is essentially the "why" in the examples above.
For Example: If you have 10 iPhones but only 5 phone cases, the limiting reagents is the phone cases and the number of protected phones would be 5.
Another Example: If you have 3 pairs of socks, but 2 people, the limiting reagent would be the number of people. So, how many people would be wearing socks? 2 people would be wearing a pair of socks.
For Example: If you have 10 iPhones but only 5 phone cases, the limiting reagents is the phone cases and the number of protected phones would be 5.
Another Example: If you have 3 pairs of socks, but 2 people, the limiting reagent would be the number of people. So, how many people would be wearing socks? 2 people would be wearing a pair of socks.
"Percentage Yield" is the ratio of amount of product produced in a chemical reaction relative to 100. Using the ratio of actual yield (amount produced in a chemical reaction measured in grams) to Theoretical yield (the amount produced in a reaction idealy) multiplied by 100, you can find the percentage yield.
For example: If you had 5 televisions in your house (luck you!) but only 3 remotes, your theoretical yield of TV's you are able to use would be 3. However, supposing your cousin hides the 3rd remote under his bed, the actual yield would be 2. From here, you can solve for the percentage yield: 2/3 x 100 = 66.7%
Another example: If you had 7 water bottles and 8 thirsty soccer players, your theoretical yield of how many players got a water bottle would be 7. However, supposing one water bottle leaks and no longer has water, your actual yield would be 6. From here you can solve for your percentage yield: 7/6 x100 = 85.7%
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